www.mediterranei.eu diretto da Patrizia Bonelli- patbonelli@katamail.com Nell'economia della montagna ha avuto un ruolo fondamentale fino a pochi decenni fa, tanto che il castagno era chiamato "albero del pane" e la castagna "pane dei poveri". L'area del castagno Aspetti paesaggistici e culturali del castagno: tutela e valorizzazione L’Agenzia Europea dell’Ambiente (EEA) ha individuato diversi tipi di paesaggi europei da proteggere: nel corso dei millenni sono state raggiunte situazioni di equilibrio paesaggistico-ambientale che accentuano polifunzionalità e biodiversità di ecosistemi e paesaggi. Numerose sono le iniziative per valorizzare le potenzialità turistiche delle zone dove cresce il castagno. Esse mirano a inserire l’ecosistema castagneto in una visione integrata della montagna e della collina dove il reddito complessivo è costituito da attività agro-silvo-pastorali, turistiche, di artigianato, servizi. Le iniziative più significative puntano alla valorizzazione attraverso la realizzazione di percorsi tematici, naturalistici ed enogastronomici, che portano il turista sul territorio, anche attraverso l’organizzazione di fiere, concorsi gastronomici e mostre, apportando in tal modo un considerevole indotto nelle aree marginali montane e collinari. RISOTTO CON LE CASTAGNE Ingredienti per 4 persone: 300 g di castagne lessate con un rametto di rosmarino, 350 g di riso, 150 g di salsiccia, 1 litro circa di brodo vegetale, una cipolla, olio sale pepe.
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In the past centuries most of sweet chestnuts were dried to obtain “white chestnuts” and “sweet wheat” as a basic food. After a period of decline, the growing of sweet chestnuts acquired a new interest and the production has been increased, in particular of “marroni”, also used in patisserie and food industry. But sweet chestnut doesn’t produce just fruits but also valuable timber, tourist activities, farm holidays and restoration all the year long. |
Areas where sweet chestnut grows
Italy and in the isles sweet chestnut cover hills and the so called pre mountainous region from 300 to 1000 metres, but in some spots it goes down up to the sea level or it can go up to the inferior part of the mountains as in favourable sections of Alps and still higher on the isles (Sardinia up to 1300 metres, Sicily up to 1500 m.).Sweet chestnut doesn’t grow beyondthe following climatic limits: medium year temperature +8°C, medium temperature in the coldest month -1 o 2°C, medium lowest temperature Unfortunately the cut of wood -which the Apennines area has sufferedin the last 100 years- didn’t spare sweet chestnut trees . Once they had a lager extension in areas now disappeared or decreased as shown by the names of places and little towns the origins of whichare in the name of sweet chestnut.
Landscape and cultural aspects of sweet chestnut:
protection and increase in value
EnvironmentEuropean Agency (EEA) has identified different kinds of European landscapes to protect: in the course of millenniums a landscape-environment balance has been reached able to supply many functions and bio diversity of ecosystems and landscapes.
Sweet chestnut landscape can be still today considered an intact ecosystem: in the better preservedones there can be found secular plants and a huge vegetal andanimal biodiversity ; there can be found rural buildings (dry-stone walls, driers, country lanes, mills) characterising the human landscape: signs of peasant civilization worth to be preserved and appreciated.
Rural communities, still linked with sweet chestnut, preserve beyond the ecosystem with monumental trees and biodiversity supplied by them, a great deal ofmaterial and traditional evidence:
- objects of every day utility, furniture, house hold goods, tools, implements, collected in eco museums;
- gastronomy, a “knowledge” linked to the culture;
There are many activities to enhance the value of tourism in the area where the sweet chestnut grows. They main to give in the eco system of sweet chestnut an integrated view of the mountain and the hill where the whole income isgiven byrural activities, tourism, handicraft and services.
The most meaningful actions aim to increase value through thematic road, naturalistic and food and wine gourmet, attracting tourists on the territory, also trough the organization of fairs, street markets, competitions, exhibitions, promoting interest and economy in the fringe areas of mountains and hills.
RISOTTO with sweet chestnut
Ingredients for 4 people: 300 g of sweet chestnuts boiled with a little branch of rosemary , 350 g of rise, 150 g of sausage, 1 litre about of vegetable stock, an onion, oil, salt pepper.
Preparation:
Peel the sweet chestnuts, keep the half of them on one side, choosing the most beautiful and sift the remaining. In a large pan let fade in oil the thin sliced onion, then put the rise and let it toasted. Add the sifted sweet chestnut and stir for few minutes . Let rise cook adding boiling stock. In a small pan fry - with a little oil –sausages, peeled and chopped, put together the whole sweet chestnuts. When the rise is cooked, serve it garnishedwith fried sausages and whole sweet chestnuts.